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.' (52) Even temporary Gentile presencemay only be tolerated 'when the Jews are in exile, or when the Gentiles are morepowerful than the Jews,' butwhen the Jews are more powerful than the Gentiles we are forbidden to let anidolator among us; even a temporary resident or itinerant trader shall not be allowedto pass through our land unless he accepts the seven Noahide precepts, (53) for it iswritten: 'they shall not dwell in thy land' (54) that is, not even temporarily.If heaccepts the seven Noahide precepts, he becomes a resident alien (ger toshav) but itis forbidden to grant the status of resident alien except at times when the Jubilee isheld [that is, when the Temple stands and sacrifices are offered].However, duringtimes when Jubilees are not held it is forbidden to accept anyone who is not a fullconvert to Judaism (ger tzedeq).(55)It is therefore clear that - exactly as the leaders and sympathizers of GushEmunim say - the whole question to how the Palestinians ought to be treated is,according to the Halakhah, simply a question of Jewish power: if Jews have sufficientpower, then it is their religious duty to expel the Palestinians.All these laws are often quoted by Israeli rabbis and their zealous followers.Forexample, the law forbidding the lease of three adjoining houses to Gentiles wassolemnly quoted by a rabbinical conference held in 1979 to discuss the Camp Davidtreaties.The conference also declared that according to the Halakhah even the'autonomy' that Begin was ready to offer to the Palestinians is too liberal.Suchpronouncements - which do in fact state correctly the position of the Halakhah - arerarely contested by the Zionist 'left'.In addition to laws such as those mentioned so far, which are directed at allGentiles in the Land of Israel, an even greater evil influence arises from special lawsagainst the ancient Canaanites and other nations who lived in Palestine before itsconquest by Joshua, as well as against the Amalekites.All those nations must beutterly exterminated, and the Talmud and talmudic literature reiterate the genocidalbiblical exhortations with even greater vehemence.Influential rabbis, who have aconsiderable following among Israeli army officers, identify the Palestinians (or evenall Arabs) with those ancient nations, so that commands like 'thou shalt save alivenothing that breatheth'56 acquire a topical meaning.In fact, it is not uncommon forreserve soldiers called up to do a tour of duty in the Gaza Strip to be given an'educational lecture' in which they are told that the Palestinians of Gaza are 'like the[92] Amalekites'.Biblical verses exhorting to genocide of the Midianite57 weresolemnly quoted by an important Israeli rabbi in justification of the Qibbiyamassacre, (58) and this pronouncement has gained wide circulation in the Israeliarmy.There are many similar examples of bloodthirsty rabbinical pronouncementsagainst the Palestinians, based on these laws. 77 Jewish History, Jewish ReligionAbuseUnder this heading I would like to discuss examples of halakhic laws whosemost important effect is not so much to prescribe specific anti-Gentile discriminationas to inculcate an attitude of scorn and hatred towards Gentiles.Accordingly.in thissection I shall not confine myself to quoting from the most authoritative halakhicsources (as I have done so far) but include also less fundamental works, which arehowever widely used in religious instruction.Let us begin with the text of some common prayers.In one of the first sectionsof the daily morning payer, every devout Jew blesses God for not making him aGentile.(59) The concluding section of the daily prayer (which is also used in themost solemn part of the service on New Year's day and on Yom Kippur) opens withthe statement: 'We must praise the Lord of all.for not making us like the nations of[all] lands.for they bow down to vanity and nothingness and pray to a god that doesnot help.' (60) The last clause was censored out of the prayer books.but in easternEurope it was supplied orally, and has now been restored into many Israeli-printedprayer books.In the most important section of the weekday prayer - the 'eighteenblessings' - there is a special curse, originally directed against Christians, Jewishconverts to Christianity and other Jewish heretics: 'And may the apostates' (61) haveno hope, and all the Christians perish instantly'.This formula dates from the end ofthe 1st century, when Christianity was still a small persecuted sect.Some time beforethe 14th century it was softened into: 'And may the apostates have no hope.and allthe heretics (62) perish instantly', and after additional pressure into: 'And may theinformers have no hope, and all the heretics perish instantly'.After the establishmentof Israel.the process was reversed, and many newly printed prayer books reverted tothe second formula, which was also prescribed by many teachers in religious Israelischools [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.' (52) Even temporary Gentile presencemay only be tolerated 'when the Jews are in exile, or when the Gentiles are morepowerful than the Jews,' butwhen the Jews are more powerful than the Gentiles we are forbidden to let anidolator among us; even a temporary resident or itinerant trader shall not be allowedto pass through our land unless he accepts the seven Noahide precepts, (53) for it iswritten: 'they shall not dwell in thy land' (54) that is, not even temporarily.If heaccepts the seven Noahide precepts, he becomes a resident alien (ger toshav) but itis forbidden to grant the status of resident alien except at times when the Jubilee isheld [that is, when the Temple stands and sacrifices are offered].However, duringtimes when Jubilees are not held it is forbidden to accept anyone who is not a fullconvert to Judaism (ger tzedeq).(55)It is therefore clear that - exactly as the leaders and sympathizers of GushEmunim say - the whole question to how the Palestinians ought to be treated is,according to the Halakhah, simply a question of Jewish power: if Jews have sufficientpower, then it is their religious duty to expel the Palestinians.All these laws are often quoted by Israeli rabbis and their zealous followers.Forexample, the law forbidding the lease of three adjoining houses to Gentiles wassolemnly quoted by a rabbinical conference held in 1979 to discuss the Camp Davidtreaties.The conference also declared that according to the Halakhah even the'autonomy' that Begin was ready to offer to the Palestinians is too liberal.Suchpronouncements - which do in fact state correctly the position of the Halakhah - arerarely contested by the Zionist 'left'.In addition to laws such as those mentioned so far, which are directed at allGentiles in the Land of Israel, an even greater evil influence arises from special lawsagainst the ancient Canaanites and other nations who lived in Palestine before itsconquest by Joshua, as well as against the Amalekites.All those nations must beutterly exterminated, and the Talmud and talmudic literature reiterate the genocidalbiblical exhortations with even greater vehemence.Influential rabbis, who have aconsiderable following among Israeli army officers, identify the Palestinians (or evenall Arabs) with those ancient nations, so that commands like 'thou shalt save alivenothing that breatheth'56 acquire a topical meaning.In fact, it is not uncommon forreserve soldiers called up to do a tour of duty in the Gaza Strip to be given an'educational lecture' in which they are told that the Palestinians of Gaza are 'like the[92] Amalekites'.Biblical verses exhorting to genocide of the Midianite57 weresolemnly quoted by an important Israeli rabbi in justification of the Qibbiyamassacre, (58) and this pronouncement has gained wide circulation in the Israeliarmy.There are many similar examples of bloodthirsty rabbinical pronouncementsagainst the Palestinians, based on these laws. 77 Jewish History, Jewish ReligionAbuseUnder this heading I would like to discuss examples of halakhic laws whosemost important effect is not so much to prescribe specific anti-Gentile discriminationas to inculcate an attitude of scorn and hatred towards Gentiles.Accordingly.in thissection I shall not confine myself to quoting from the most authoritative halakhicsources (as I have done so far) but include also less fundamental works, which arehowever widely used in religious instruction.Let us begin with the text of some common prayers.In one of the first sectionsof the daily morning payer, every devout Jew blesses God for not making him aGentile.(59) The concluding section of the daily prayer (which is also used in themost solemn part of the service on New Year's day and on Yom Kippur) opens withthe statement: 'We must praise the Lord of all.for not making us like the nations of[all] lands.for they bow down to vanity and nothingness and pray to a god that doesnot help.' (60) The last clause was censored out of the prayer books.but in easternEurope it was supplied orally, and has now been restored into many Israeli-printedprayer books.In the most important section of the weekday prayer - the 'eighteenblessings' - there is a special curse, originally directed against Christians, Jewishconverts to Christianity and other Jewish heretics: 'And may the apostates' (61) haveno hope, and all the Christians perish instantly'.This formula dates from the end ofthe 1st century, when Christianity was still a small persecuted sect.Some time beforethe 14th century it was softened into: 'And may the apostates have no hope.and allthe heretics (62) perish instantly', and after additional pressure into: 'And may theinformers have no hope, and all the heretics perish instantly'.After the establishmentof Israel.the process was reversed, and many newly printed prayer books reverted tothe second formula, which was also prescribed by many teachers in religious Israelischools [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]