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.No man deserves more credit for this state ofaffairs than Russia s Prime Minister Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, who in the yearfollowing the 1905 revolt emerged as the most impressive figure in ImperialRussia.From 1906 to 1911 it is no exaggeration to say that he dominated Russianpolitics.It was he who gave Russia the famed Stolypin Constitution, whichamong other things undertook to guarantee the civil rights of the peasantry, whichconstituted 85% of Russia s population.His land reforms, for which he is mostfamous, not only gave the peasant the right to own land, but actually financed thepurchase with government loans.Stolypin was determined to give the peasant astake in capitalism, believing that the natural counterweight of the communalprincipal is individual ownership. Were the Stolypin land reforms effective? American writer Bertram Wolfe,who is on all points anti-Tsarist and pro-revolutionary, has this to say:Between 1907 and 1914, under the Stolypin land reform laws, 2,000,000peasant families seceded from the village mir and became individualproprietors.All through the war the movement continued, so that by January1, 1916, 6,200,000 peasant families, out of approximately 16,000,000eligible, had made application for separation.Lenin saw the matter as a racewith time between Stolypin s reforms and the next upheaval.Should anupheaval be postponed for a couple of decades, the new land measureswould so transform the countryside that it would no longer be arevolutionary force.How near Lenin came to losing the race is proved by thefact that in 1917, when he called on the peasants to take the land, theyalready owned more than three-fourths of it.[Bertram Wolfe, Three WhoMade a Revolution (New York: Dial Press, 1948), p.360]Russian Jewry wanted revolution, not reform.As early as 1906 an attempthad been made to assassinate Premier Stolypin when his country house wasdestroyed by a bomb.Finally in September of 1911 the best Prime Minister Russia 23ever had was shot down in cold blood while attending a gala affair at the Kievtheatre.The assassin was a Jewish fellow named Mordekhai Gershkovich Bogrov.Thus it was that Russia had since 1902 lost two premiers to Jewish assassins.According to information that I found recently on Wikipedia, from 1901 to 1911revolutionaries killed 17 thousand people (9 thousand in 1905-1907).[ AnEpidemic of Terrorism, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, April 29, 2001 (in Russian)]Many of Stolypin s reforms were carried out after his death.In 1912 anindustrial insurance law was inaugurated which gave all industrial workmensickness and accident compensation to the extent of two-thirds and three-fourths oftheir regular pay.For the first time the newspapers of the revolutionary partieswere given legal status.Public schools were expanded and the election laws wererevised.In 1913 a general amnesty for all political prisoners was given.Not eventhe severest critic of Tsarism can deny that these measures represented a sincereattempt on the part of the Imperial government to bring about reform.Why then, inspite of all this, was the Tsar overthrown? We are going to talk about this when wecontinue next time. Zionism and Russia Lecture 6September 8, 2006 1In the night of July 16-17, 1918, a squad of Bolshevik secret police (ChK)murdered Russia s last emperor, Tsar Nicholas II, along with his wife, TsaritsaAlexandra, their 14-year-old son, Tsarevich Alexis, and their four daughters.Theywere cut down in a hail of gunfire in a half-cellar room of the house inYekaterinburg, a city in the Ural mountain region, where they were being heldprisoner.The daughters were finished off with bayonets.To prevent a cult for thedead Tsar, the bodies were carted away to the countryside and hastily buried in asecret grave.Bolshevik authorities at first reported that the Romanov emperor had beenshot after the discovery of a plot to liberate him.For some time the deaths of theEmpress and the children were kept secret.Soviet historians claimed for manyyears that local Bolsheviks had acted on their own in carrying out the killings, andthat leaders of the new Soviet state, had nothing to do with the crime.In 1990, Russian playwright and historian Edvard Radzinsky announced theresult of his detailed investigation into the murders.He unearthed thereminiscences of Lenin s bodyguard Akimov, who recounted how he personallydelivered execution order to the telegraph office.The telegram was signed bySoviet government chief Yankel Movshevich Sverdlov.Akimov had saved theoriginal telegraph tape as a record of the secret order.Radzinsky s researchconfirmed what earlier evidence had already indicated.Leon Trotsky had revealedyears earlier that Sverdlov and other Jews in Bolshevik government made thedecision to put the Russian Tsar and his family to death.Writing from exile in1935, Trotsky dismissed with contempt the official Soviet claim that the UralSoviet s Executive Committee acted independently of Moscow.He recalled acasual conversation that he had had with Sverdlov:My next visit to Moscow took place after the [temporary] fall ofYekaterinburg [to anti-Communist forces].Speaking with Sverdlov, I askedin passing: Oh yes, and where is the Tsar? Finished, he replied. He has been shot. And where is the family? The family along with him. All of them? I asked, apparently with a trace of surprise. All of them, replied Sverdlov. What about it? He was waiting to see myreaction.I made no reply. And who made the decision? I asked. We decided it here. I asked no further questions and considered the matter closed.[Leon Trotsky, diary entry of 9 April 1935, Houghton Library, Harvard University,Trotsky Archive, bMS Russ 13, T-3731, p.111] 2The neo-con historian Richard Pipes (daddy of notorious Daniel Pipes), likemany other writers, has judged Trotsky s statement to be incontrovertible positiveevidence that the order came directly from Moscow.[Pipes, Russian Revolution,p.770.]Yakov Sverdlov, who supervised the expulsion of the Tsar s family toYekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains and their slaying there, AlexanderBeloborodov (Vaisbart), who was the president of the local Soviet and who madefirst announcement about execution of Tsar, Shaya Filipp Goloshchekin, whowas Military commissar of the Ural Regional Soviet, Petr Voikov (Pinkus Vainer),as well as Yankel Chaimovich Yurovsky who was the commander of the unit thatcarried out the slaughter and who personally shot the Tsar in the forehead from arange of zero, all were Jews.Yurovsky was the son of a glassmaker and suspectedthief.His grandfather was a Rabbi in Poland [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
zanotowane.pl doc.pisz.pl pdf.pisz.pl centka.pev.pl
.No man deserves more credit for this state ofaffairs than Russia s Prime Minister Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, who in the yearfollowing the 1905 revolt emerged as the most impressive figure in ImperialRussia.From 1906 to 1911 it is no exaggeration to say that he dominated Russianpolitics.It was he who gave Russia the famed Stolypin Constitution, whichamong other things undertook to guarantee the civil rights of the peasantry, whichconstituted 85% of Russia s population.His land reforms, for which he is mostfamous, not only gave the peasant the right to own land, but actually financed thepurchase with government loans.Stolypin was determined to give the peasant astake in capitalism, believing that the natural counterweight of the communalprincipal is individual ownership. Were the Stolypin land reforms effective? American writer Bertram Wolfe,who is on all points anti-Tsarist and pro-revolutionary, has this to say:Between 1907 and 1914, under the Stolypin land reform laws, 2,000,000peasant families seceded from the village mir and became individualproprietors.All through the war the movement continued, so that by January1, 1916, 6,200,000 peasant families, out of approximately 16,000,000eligible, had made application for separation.Lenin saw the matter as a racewith time between Stolypin s reforms and the next upheaval.Should anupheaval be postponed for a couple of decades, the new land measureswould so transform the countryside that it would no longer be arevolutionary force.How near Lenin came to losing the race is proved by thefact that in 1917, when he called on the peasants to take the land, theyalready owned more than three-fourths of it.[Bertram Wolfe, Three WhoMade a Revolution (New York: Dial Press, 1948), p.360]Russian Jewry wanted revolution, not reform.As early as 1906 an attempthad been made to assassinate Premier Stolypin when his country house wasdestroyed by a bomb.Finally in September of 1911 the best Prime Minister Russia 23ever had was shot down in cold blood while attending a gala affair at the Kievtheatre.The assassin was a Jewish fellow named Mordekhai Gershkovich Bogrov.Thus it was that Russia had since 1902 lost two premiers to Jewish assassins.According to information that I found recently on Wikipedia, from 1901 to 1911revolutionaries killed 17 thousand people (9 thousand in 1905-1907).[ AnEpidemic of Terrorism, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, April 29, 2001 (in Russian)]Many of Stolypin s reforms were carried out after his death.In 1912 anindustrial insurance law was inaugurated which gave all industrial workmensickness and accident compensation to the extent of two-thirds and three-fourths oftheir regular pay.For the first time the newspapers of the revolutionary partieswere given legal status.Public schools were expanded and the election laws wererevised.In 1913 a general amnesty for all political prisoners was given.Not eventhe severest critic of Tsarism can deny that these measures represented a sincereattempt on the part of the Imperial government to bring about reform.Why then, inspite of all this, was the Tsar overthrown? We are going to talk about this when wecontinue next time. Zionism and Russia Lecture 6September 8, 2006 1In the night of July 16-17, 1918, a squad of Bolshevik secret police (ChK)murdered Russia s last emperor, Tsar Nicholas II, along with his wife, TsaritsaAlexandra, their 14-year-old son, Tsarevich Alexis, and their four daughters.Theywere cut down in a hail of gunfire in a half-cellar room of the house inYekaterinburg, a city in the Ural mountain region, where they were being heldprisoner.The daughters were finished off with bayonets.To prevent a cult for thedead Tsar, the bodies were carted away to the countryside and hastily buried in asecret grave.Bolshevik authorities at first reported that the Romanov emperor had beenshot after the discovery of a plot to liberate him.For some time the deaths of theEmpress and the children were kept secret.Soviet historians claimed for manyyears that local Bolsheviks had acted on their own in carrying out the killings, andthat leaders of the new Soviet state, had nothing to do with the crime.In 1990, Russian playwright and historian Edvard Radzinsky announced theresult of his detailed investigation into the murders.He unearthed thereminiscences of Lenin s bodyguard Akimov, who recounted how he personallydelivered execution order to the telegraph office.The telegram was signed bySoviet government chief Yankel Movshevich Sverdlov.Akimov had saved theoriginal telegraph tape as a record of the secret order.Radzinsky s researchconfirmed what earlier evidence had already indicated.Leon Trotsky had revealedyears earlier that Sverdlov and other Jews in Bolshevik government made thedecision to put the Russian Tsar and his family to death.Writing from exile in1935, Trotsky dismissed with contempt the official Soviet claim that the UralSoviet s Executive Committee acted independently of Moscow.He recalled acasual conversation that he had had with Sverdlov:My next visit to Moscow took place after the [temporary] fall ofYekaterinburg [to anti-Communist forces].Speaking with Sverdlov, I askedin passing: Oh yes, and where is the Tsar? Finished, he replied. He has been shot. And where is the family? The family along with him. All of them? I asked, apparently with a trace of surprise. All of them, replied Sverdlov. What about it? He was waiting to see myreaction.I made no reply. And who made the decision? I asked. We decided it here. I asked no further questions and considered the matter closed.[Leon Trotsky, diary entry of 9 April 1935, Houghton Library, Harvard University,Trotsky Archive, bMS Russ 13, T-3731, p.111] 2The neo-con historian Richard Pipes (daddy of notorious Daniel Pipes), likemany other writers, has judged Trotsky s statement to be incontrovertible positiveevidence that the order came directly from Moscow.[Pipes, Russian Revolution,p.770.]Yakov Sverdlov, who supervised the expulsion of the Tsar s family toYekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains and their slaying there, AlexanderBeloborodov (Vaisbart), who was the president of the local Soviet and who madefirst announcement about execution of Tsar, Shaya Filipp Goloshchekin, whowas Military commissar of the Ural Regional Soviet, Petr Voikov (Pinkus Vainer),as well as Yankel Chaimovich Yurovsky who was the commander of the unit thatcarried out the slaughter and who personally shot the Tsar in the forehead from arange of zero, all were Jews.Yurovsky was the son of a glassmaker and suspectedthief.His grandfather was a Rabbi in Poland [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]